James gray



' UNITED STATES E LLQEE JAMES GRAY, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

BASE-BU RNING STOVE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 44,719. dated October 1 1834.

To all whom it 71mg concern: V

Be it known that 1, JAMES GRAY, of Albany, county of Albany, State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Base- Burning Stove; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of my improved stove. Fig. 2 is a diametrical section through the same. Fig.3 is a top view. Fig. 4 is a section taken in the horizontal plane indicated by red line 00 00, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side view of the diaphragm containing the several directing-fines and double base-ring. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the fire-pot, showing the surrounding inlet-passages for cold. air. Fig. 7 is a reduced sectional view of Fig. 5.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre spondiug parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to improvements on thatclass of stoves which are so constructed that combustion takes place at the base of the body of coals, and as the coal is thus consumed it gradually settles or descends into the tirechamber and keeps up a constant fire without the necessity of frequently supplying the stove with fuel. One great objection to this class of stoves is, that they radiate very little heat inproportion to the large amount of fuel which they consume, and this objection I propose to remedy in a very simple manner, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art make and use my invention, '1 will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the ash'pan, of which a is the front door, and Z) a cool-air space surrounding this pan or box,for the purpose of conducting air from the outside of the stove up through the same to be heated, as will be hereinafter described.

which surrounds the grate a, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 6. Above this fire-pot B is an annular chamber, 1), which is surrounded by a perforated casin g, c, and which surrounds an upwardly-flaringjacket, 0. (Shown in Figs. 2 and 7.) This jacket is united at its base to a diaphragm, 0 which latter forms the lowermost end of the supply-cylinder O, as shown in Fig. 2. The casing 0, which forms the outer jacket of the combustion chamber, is constructed with openings (1 through it, and vertical cool-air passages e, which conduct the air from the chamber b upward, and thence through. horizontal arched spaces 6 into the chamber 0 between the jacket 0 and dia phragm 0 The upright fines in casing c are formed in the periphery of the casing, which latter is covered outside with sheet-iron or other suitable material, (represented by f in Figs. 1,2, 5, 7.) By this arrangement of flues it will be seen that the external air enters (at the base of the stove) the chamber outside of the ash-box, passes up through several flues in the casing o, is thence passed into the annular flue-chamber 6 from whence the air, which now becomes heated, ascends and takes the course indicated by the red arrows in Figs. 2 and 7 between the cylinder 0 and the intermediate cylinder, D.

The products of combustion ascend from the combustionchamber and fire-pot through the oblong openings g g 9, when the damper g is closed, and when this damper is open the products of combustion also pass up through the opening which was closed by said damper.

The chamber between the cylinder D and outer jacket, E, is subdivided by vertical partitions h h, which latter do not extend entirely to the top F of the stove, but terminate at the point represented in Fig. 2, so as to leave an annular unobstructed space, i, from which the products of combustion pass down into the space formed above the damper When this damper is opcn,the draft'will take the direct course indicated in Fig. 2 in blue arrows. When this damper is closed, the products of combustion ascend to the top of the stove, and thence pass oil through the escape-pipe G, which is in that subdivision directly over the damper g The top ot'the stove is adapted. for receiving 1 the hot-air pipe J, for conducting the heated :3 is the fire-pot, which is mounted upon and air into upper apartments, and it is also adapted for receiving a register, j, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, by means of which the heated air can be conducted directly into the room containing the stove.

The fuel is supplied to the chamber 0, after starting the fire'in the fire-pot B, through a side opening, H, which is' in practice kept closed during the operation of the stove.

It will be seen from the above description that the cool air passing in at the bottom of the stove is kept in contact with the highlyheated surfaces until it escapes, either through the register j or into the hot-air pipe J, the flaring rings 0 0 are so arranged over the fire-pot B that they are heated by the fire impinging on their lower sides, whiletheir upper sides or surfaces are exposed to the cooling action of the air before it rises into the subdivided chamber of the upper portion of the stove. ,A

One of the horizontal openings 01 through the case 0 is not covered with mica, and through this opening (shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 7) the fire-pot B can be supplied with coal before starting the fire. Said opening should be closed by a door having a mica light in it. The mica windows or lights which I have represented between each one of the ascending airflues e are intended for purposes of illumination merely, and the mica may be applied in the 'form of gothic windows or otherwise.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. So constructing abase-burning stovethat the products of combustion rising from the fire-chamber will be conducted toward the top of the stove through flues which are formed by cylinders D and E and partitions 71 and which are arranged around an ascendin g warm-air flue or flues, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The outer case, a, constructed with horizontal openings 0?, vertical openings 0, and arched openings 0 through it, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The arrangement of the damper g", in combination with the three vertical chambers C, D, andE and depressed fire-pot B, substan tially as and for the purposes described.

4. The jacketed diaphragm c 0', applied at the base of the coal-supp 1y chamber, substantially as described.

5. The flues b e c 0 in combination with flues b, i, and G, operating substantially as described.

6. The case 0, in combination with the jacketed diaphragm c c and supply-chamber G, substantially as described. p

7. The combination of the three cylinders C D E and escape-pipes J and G, arranged and operating substantially as described.

8. The combination of the two cylinders (J D with the jacketed diaphragm c c and openings e a, substantially as described.

JAMES GRAY.

WVitnesses v HERMAN H. Russ, THOMAS W. STEVENS. 

